What does this poplitical cartoon represent

Which factor contributed to the rise of african empires such as ghana and mali?

What is the name of this mountain range found in northern africa?

Which statement is a good description of a model? a) models are a description of nature based only on one or two variables. b) models are testable ideas but they are not very to most people. c) models are a description of nature that predicts more accurately than real events. d) models are an approximiation of a real system that omits all but most essential variables in a system.