The federal government guarantees the states a republican form of government, protection, and territorial integrity. give examples of how each of these guarantees are carried out.

Guarantees the states a republican form of government - congress allows senators and representatives from a state to take their seats in congress. This is in recognition of the States' republican form of government.

Guarantees protection - any attack on a state is deemed an attack against the United States of America. Thus, each state is under the protection of US Armed Forces, Navy Seals, etc.

Guarantees territorial integrity - the national government can't create a new state in the territory of an existing states. Borders are recognized to differentiate one state from another.

The answer is c) protestant clergy

Accumulating more land so that your country can continue expanding without running into problems such as overpopulation