How have earthquakes affected Japan?

The Tohoku earthquake devastated Japan's economy. It destroyed 46,027 buildings and cost an estimated $360 billion in economic damage, making it the world's costliest natural disaster. ... As a result, Japan had to import oil, causing record trade deficits.

Explanation:

one way archaeology us understand the past is through the material objects it finds, allowing us to know what was being used, and when. for example a dig recently found a flute, believed to be the oldest musical instrument found to date.

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d. i assume the underlined word is "role." reformat if it isn't.

explanation:

role is closest to part because when replacing words, "playing a vital decision," "playing a vital activity," and "playing a vital dollar" don't make logical sense. the only meaningful choice is "playing a vital part."

this fits one of merriam-webster's definitions of role: "a function or part performed especially in a particular operation or process."