Commercials for a spray seal depict a rowboat with a screen door in the bottom floating after the screen door is treated with the spray seal. Billy buys a can of the spray seal. The can indicates it is not for marine use. Billy installs a screen door in the bottom of his rowboat, coats it with the spray seal, and takes it on his pond. It sinks. Is the manufacturer liable?

No

Explanation:

The manufacturer is not liable if the costumer uses a product other than it's intended use. Every product is required to have specific instructions on directions for use. The manufacturer often gives a limited guarantee on the integrity of the product and how long it should last.

Billy may have been misled by the commercial and the manufacturer may be informed about this. He did not use it in the right way and cannot hold another party responsible.

this null effect is caused by a weak manipulation and ineffective internal validity. in a scientific study, as the one dr. morimoto is trying to perfom, internal validity refers to the confidence placed in the cause-effect relationship and to how well an experiment is done and able to eliminate confounding variables.