Estimating the likelihood of events or actions in terms of how well they fit expectations of certain prototypes (and in doing so possibly leading us to ignore other relevant information) is known as:.
A. Representative heuristic.
B. Belief perseverance.
C. Functional fixedness.
D. Availability heuristic.
E. Anchoring bias.

A-- Representatve heuristic

Explanation:  Representative heuristics by psychologists Tversky and Kahneman are described to as  cognitive misers who  rather than make good decisions  about a present condition  would tend  to rely on easy means of recalling  past experiences similar to the present condition  in order make a quick decision causing them to ignore relevant information of the subject.

People tend to think that the fact that their  brains can recall  and provide a mental representation that  can be compared to a new situation, then they would always provide solution for certain prototypes  forgetting that each situation presents with underlying conditions and may not equate how such  representation will occur in reality.

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