Arkes and Freedman's "baseball game" experiment asked participants to indicate whether the following sentence was present in a passage they had previously read about events in a game: "The batter was safe at first." Their findings showed inaccurate memories involved .
a. omissions of information that was presented.
b. creations from inferences based on baseball knowledge.
c. confusions about presented information when it was ambiguous.
d. participants who did not understand baseball and assumed more information was presented than actually was.