When Claudia gets an A on her psychology exam, she believes that it is because she is an intelligent, hard-working student. However, when she receives a C on the exam, she blames the instructor's ineffective teaching style and poor choice of test questions for her poor performance. Claudia's behavior is an example of:.
a. learned helplessness.
b. the self-serving bias.
c. the false uniqueness effect.
d. the false consensus effect.