In Milgram's obedience experiments, "teachers" exhibited a somewhat lower level of compliance with an experimenter's orders when:
a. The experiment was not associated with a prestigious institution like Yale University.
b. The "learner" complained of a slight heart condition just before the experiment began.
c. The "learner screamed as the shocks became more punishing.
d. The "learner" was in another room where his physical well-being couldn't be observed by the "teacher"
e. The "teacher" was instructed to administer the learning test and someone else was asked to shock the "learner"