African Americans were excluded from political participation. Why was this so damaging to African Americans? What were white voters trying to prevent?

African Americans were seen as lesser people and were often treated as literal apes. Would you allow a dog to choose who the next president is? Why would you allow cattle to choose either? African Americans were not seen as people, and even when slavery ended there was still a huge stigma against African Americans. From once being seen as an animal they were now seen as dumb, they were people, but they were still only 1/4 of a white man according to America. They were trying to take away African Americans humanity. That's all it was.

a factory opens that mass-produces light bulbs.

explanation:

not sure if that's an answer to your questions but this is an example! : )