This approach to ethics asks basic questions about the good life, what is better and worse, whether there is any objective right and wrong in particular ethical issues, and how we know it if there is.

Normative ethics

Explanation:

Normative ethics is one of three main component areas of inquiry of philosophical ethics, the two others being meta-ethics and applied ethics is the branch of philosophical ethics that analyses and observed the set of questions that arise when considering how a person ought to act, which actions are right and wrong, or which character traits are good and bad by drawing a conclusion from observations made above, and comparing it to how the society view it.

as university of miami psychologists debra lieberman and adam smith pointed out in a recent article in the journal current directions in psychological science, humans have social and psychological mechanisms to deter incest. with very few exceptions, marriages between brothers and sisters and between parents and their children are verboten in every human culture. the primary psychological anti-incest mechanism is the yuck response. even the idea of sex with their mom or dad, bro or sis is upsetting to most people. the psychologist jonathan haidt has found that nearly everyone is repelled by the prospect of brother-sister sex, even in hypothetical situations in which there is no chance of pregnancy).

the biological cost of incest

this raises an interesting question: just what’s so bad about incest? sure, having sex with your dad or your sister seems gross — but why? some anthropologists have argued that incest taboos are learned social conventions. this explanation, however, doesn’t make sense to me as it does not explain the widespread existence of anti-incest mechanisms in creatures ranging from cockroaches to chimpanzees. second, the incest taboo is about as close to a universal law as human moral rules get.

why should mechanisms to avoid incest be so widespread both in nature and across human societies? the answer is simple. the problem with having sex close with relatives is that there is an astonishingly high chance that your offspring will be born with a serious birth defect.