In 1985, an official policy was introduced by Gorbachev that stressed open government and increased access to information as well as more honest discussion about the country's social issues and concerns. What was this policy called?

Glasnost

Explanation:

Glasnost literally translates from Russian as "openness and transparency", showing Gorbachev's intentions.

swahili is an extremely rich and complex civilization, a set of ethnic groups articulated by a language and a series of cultural elements that fuse the african traditions, islam and indian culture. this growth was largely a result of the indian ocean trading network that brought in not just man-made riches, but also religious ideas, specifically islam, which had a significant impact on the local culture. furthermore, the development of the swahili language gave a common cultural unity to the people.