Ertha became conditioned to cry every time she saw an onion chopper because she associated it with cutting onions, which always made her eyes water. For weeks, the onion cutter sat on the counter with no onions. Eventually she never cried when she saw the cutter. Then the onion cutter disappeared for two months, and when Bertha saw it again for the first time, she began to cry. This response is known as
a. positive reinforcement.
b. negative reinforcement.
c. spontaneous recovery.
d. reconditioning

This schedule shows the opportunity cost of producing doughnuts, bagels, and croissants. refer to the schedule and use the drop-down menu to answer each question. on day 2, raj makes 70 more bagels than on day 1. what is the opportunity cost of producing 70 more bagels? on day 3, raj makes 50 more croissants than on day 2. what is the opportunity cost of producing fifty more croissants?

Why was frederick douglass encouraged by the dred scott decision?

Chapter 1 what is the sociological perspective? why did durkheim say that some people are more likely to commit suicide? what does it mean that sociology us to see that “things are not as they seem"? what is the "sociological imagination"? how did industrialization and urbanization lead to the development of sociology? who is the "father" of sociology (and coined the term sociology)? what was the major goal of sociology’s pioneers like comte and durkheim? what did herbert spencer say? what did karl marx think caused social change? when did sociology become established as an academic discipline in the u.s.? what did w.e.b. dubois say was the major problem of the 20th century? what is the functionalist view of society? what is the main focus of the conflict perspective? why are gender and race important to the conflict perspective? what is the symbolic interactionist perspective? chapter 2 why is culture vital to human survival, and how is that different from animal instinct? what is the sapir-whorf hypothesis? what is a norm? what are mores and folkways? how does the u.s. compare to other nations in terms of how multicultural or culturally diverse it is? what is a subculture? what is a counterculture? what is cultural lag? can you give an example? what is the ethnocentrism vs. cultural relativism debate about?