A fixed standard based on a minimum level of subsistence below which families should not be expected to exist is called a. scapegoating. b. absolute deprivation. c. relative deprivation. d. total discrimination.

absolute deprivation.

Explanation:

Absolute deprivation is simply described as a minimum level of need to make an individual capable of living and actively participating in society. Often used synonymous with absolute poverty, it means the lack of the adequate resources needed to meet the basic necessities of life.  These basic necessities refer to a minimum threshold of a set of supplies which often include food, housing, education, clean water, clothing, and health care.