1. What are the functions of the application layer? How were the earliest application-layer protocols defined? What application do you spend the most time on?

The function of the application layer: The main function of the application layer is to hide details of Transmossion Control Protocol and Internet Protocol from end user applications.

Earliest protocols were FTP, SMTP, Telnet.

The application I likely spend most time on is HTTP.

Explanation:

See answer

abolish

do away with

unanimous

in complete agreement

secede

separate; break free

inauguration

starting a new position with a formal ceremony.

cooperationist

people who wanted the north to cooperate with the south

surrender

to give up

volunteer

perform a service for free

draft

involuntary service in military

retreat

withdraw; move away from enemy

advisor

expert who gives advice

explanation:

answer; the correct answer is (composition);