Providing morny, resources or opportunities in order to gain profitable returns in the future is called

Investment

Explanation:

Investment refers to an act of providing more resources or opportunities to gain profitable returns. Those who perform such acts are termed as Investors.

In terms of economics, the investment can be assumed as the purchase of commodity/goods that would not be consumed instantaneously. They are purchased with the sole objective of creating future resources. These goods would be sold at a later date when they fetch higher profit in the market.

Investments are functions of the capitalist world. They are unknown in the socialist or communist sphere.  

it depends on which society you are referring to. many civilization performed rituals so the gods would with their growing season but the most well known is that of the aztecs. they would make sacrifices, usually animals, but sometimes humans as well.