"44. Patrick has been confronted by family members and friends about his excessive gambling. Despite their attempts to help him, he insists that they are overreacting and that he has everything under control. He does not feel the need to alter his behaviors. Patrick is at which stage of change?

Patrick is at the "PRECONTEMPLATION STAGE OF CHANGE".

Explanation: Precontemplation stage of change is the stage where a person have no intention of changing their behavior for the foreseeable future. They don't see the behavior to be wrong and does not border if it is problematic to others.

For Patrick to see the advice of his family and friends as overreaction towards his gambling life, that means he has no intention to stop gambling.

They are five stages of change, which are; Precontemplation, contemplation- when you start seeing reasons to change and you are thinking about changing the behavior, preparation- when you have decided to change and get your self prepared, action- when you have taken the bold step of change and you have started acting the new way you wanted, maintenance- to maintain the change that have taken place to become your culture.

q1: artillery

q2: simon bolivar

q3:   their workers and farmers demanded a return to spanish rule.

q4: drafted new constitutions

q5: oligarchies have replaced monarchies