Doug obtains permission to be on Nathan's land for one day to hold a four-wheeler event. Doug's truck breaks down, and instead of removing it, he leaves it on Nathan's property for several days after the event. Doug has most likely committed:
a. trespass, but he has a complete defense.
b. trespass to personal property.
c. no tort.
d. trespass to land.

D

Explanation:

Tresspass to land

Trespass to land occurs when a person delibrately enters someone else’s property without permission. The only intent required for this claim, is the intent to enter the property. So even if your neighbors accidently cross from their property into your lot, they can be liable for trespass. A trespass can also occur if someone causes a physical item, like a football, to enter your property, even if there is no substantial injury.

Doug obtained permission to be on Nathan's land for only one day when his Doug's truck breaks down he ought to have removed it immediately but because he didnt trepass to land has occured.

answer; collective security;

the factors that the economies of the muslim empires prosper were:

1- land trade routes-located between three continents  

2- sea trade routes

trade contributed to the spread of muslim empires, and with that islamic culture led to a growing feeling of internationalism resulted in the transfer of technology, science, and other cultural forms.