A disagreement between scientists about how quickly mutations can occur would represent which type of conflict?

Secondary scientific controversy

Explanation:

Secondary scientific controversy is a kind of scientific controversy where scientists disagree about less important aspects of a scientific idea. These controversy might center around data interpretations, ideas worth pursuing and evidence based ideas.

An example is a disagreement between scientists about how quickly mutations can occur. This controversy focuses on an important aspect, mutation, but a change in scientists' acceptance of  the rate at which mutation occurs doesn't change the fact that mutation occurs.

answer; self-efficacy;

the factors that the economies of the muslim empires prosper were:

1- land trade routes-located between three continents  

2- sea trade routes

trade contributed to the spread of muslim empires, and with that islamic culture led to a growing feeling of internationalism resulted in the transfer of technology, science, and other cultural forms.