As a means of social control, to enforce norms, sanctions a. are always negative. b. are always positive. c. may be mild or severe. d. are not very effective.

c. may be mild or severe.

Explanation:

As a means of social control, to enforce norms, sanctions may be mild or severe.As if we define both ,Norms are social rules of behavior, and a sanction is a form of punishment against violation of different norms.Social values are result of an individual internalizing certain norms and values.The means of enforcing rules are known as sanctions. Sanctions can be positive as well as negative. Positive sanctions are rewards given for conforming to norms. A promotion at work is a positive sanction for working hard. Negative sanctions are punishments for violating norms. Being arrested is a punishment for shoplifting. Both types of sanctions play a role in social control.

Option C.

Explanation:

Social Controls can be simply be defined as the guildlines, the rules and regulations governing a set of norms. And in order to enforce norms, Sanctions are being used.

Looking at option the first and second options, that is options 'a' and 'b', both options are wrong because SANCTIONS can be both Positive and negative and NOT ALWAYS positive or negative but both. When you do some great things, maybe you helped an older person, or do well as a student in your academics, you will receive a positive sanctions and negative sanctions otherwise.

For option 'd', it is not true because sanctions are effective.

Option 'c' is correct because sanctions might be mild or severe. One might be sanction which may leads to prison for someone and sanctions may not lead to prison, but something less severe.

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