Which of the following is a type of sound reasoning?
a. ad hominem arguments
b. transfer
c. problem/solution
d. circular reasoning

Problem/solution

Explanation:

Sound reasoning implies following a logical sequence in thinking and reasoning, ignoring biases and avoiding fallacies, and avoiding redundancy. Analyzing a problem and then looking for a solution is the most effective way of solving one. By looking objectively at causes, identifying the effects of the problem and coming up with an unbiased and logical conclusion you can solve a problem effectively.

c. taught scientists many new things about the earth, but not other planets.

explanation:

new communications technology has affected the way social movements are organized because nowadays, social movements rely on social networks and the media to get different people with a similar way of thinking in contact, and thus, get them to mobilize for a greater cause.

individuals only participate in collective action when they feel identified with it. is in this aspect that social media becomes relevant, because it guarantees communication among all individuals and organizes the social actions that are going to be carried out, i.e., the social movements.

in addition, being covered by the media is important to validate the message and make it relevant in the social agenda, as well as to reach more people who can share interests, appealing to public sympathy for their cause.

in conclusion, it is by social networks and social media that social movement is given birth; by connecting different individuals with similar ideas and organizing them to mobilize for a greater cause.