Which of the following is an example of shaping an individual to swing a golf club correctly (i. e., take the appropriate backswing, swing the club down to the ball, and follow through with the swing)?

a. stand behind the person and physically make the correct golf swing. over time, slowly provide less physical assistance until the individual makes a correct swing independently.
b. start with verbal prompts to do each step. if this is not effective, provide a model. if this is not effective, provide some physical assistance. if this is not effective, stand behind the person and the person make the correct golf swing.
c. provide positive reinforcement for any swing that resembles a golf swing. then, provide reinforcement for closer and closer approximations of a correct golf swing and withhold reinforcement for poorer approximations of a correct golf swing.
d. none of these is an example of shaping.

In some zoos, rare crosses between a male lion and a female tiger have produced hybrid offspring called "ligers." male ligers are sterile but some female ligers are fertile. in the wild, lion and tiger ranges do not naturally overlap, making such a cross unlikely. furthermore, the solitary behavior of tigers and the social organizations of lions create behavioral differences. the production of sterile male ligers is an example of read the following scenario to answer the following question. in some zoos, rare crosses between a male lion and a female tiger have produced hybrid offspring called "ligers." male ligers are sterile but some female ligers are fertile. in the wild, lion and tiger ranges do not naturally overlap, making such a cross unlikely. furthermore, the solitary behavior of tigers and the social organizations of lions create behavioral differences. the production of sterile male ligers is an example of a postzygotic barrier the founder effect sympatric speciation a prezygotic barrier

How has our understanding of the first sentence of the declaration of independence changed over time?

Which of the following statements about imprisonment rates in the united states is true? the united states imprisons people at a higher rate than russia, mexico, or canada. the united states imprisons people at a lower rate than russia or south africa, but higher than israel. the united states imprisons people at a lower rate than russia, mexico, or canada. russia, south africa, and mexico each imprison more people than the united states.