The first step in any scientific investigation is

a. forming the hypothesis.
b. perceiving the question.
c. coming to a conclusion.
d. developing an argument.
e. identifying research participants.

b) perceiving the question.

Explanation:

Scientific investigation is defined as analysis and research carried out through scientific method on a particular subject. Viewing and recognizing question is the first step to start investigation. Observation and testing is carried out  later to produce result of investigation.

Other options are incorrect because hypothesis formation, outcome, argument preparation and finding participant involved is reach are not the initial start of scientific investigation. Thus, the correct option is option(b)

protectionism fosters competition and keeps price regulated is not an argument in favor of protectionism.