Dr. johns researches mental disorders using laboratory methods. he stresses the importance of directly observable behaviors and the conditions or stimuli that evoke, reinforce, or extinguish them. dr. johns adheres to which early viewpoint of mental illness?

a. humanism
b. behaviorism
c. psychoanalysis
d. mesmerism

B. behaviorism

Explanation:

Behaviorism is a systematic and scientific efforts that experts do to understand why people behave in a certain way.

From the excerpt above, we know that Dr. John believed observable behaviors and the conditions or stimuli that evoke, reinforce, or extinguish are extremely important in examining human behaviors.

All of those things are considered as Factors that can directly cause the change in behavior.

Researchers like Dr. John usually spend their time pairing up various stimulis and reinforcement . They will clearly examine the behaviors /conditions taht arise because of the pairs and develop a conclusion on whether they will influence human behavior.

"harry t. moore (1905-1951) – civil rights activist, leader, and the first martyr of the civil rights movement. fannie lou hamer (1917–1977) – leader in the american civil rights movement; co-founder of the national women's political caucus and freedom democratic party. james farmer (1920–1999) – congress of racial equality."