Willis, the produce department manager at shop more, has eight employees in his department, also known as his all eight of these employees report directly to him.

Span of control

Explanation:

Span of control  is defined as management or controlling process acquired for the subordinates or assistants by supervisor .This process of handling the junior employee is used in larger as well as small fields such as schools, military, entrepreneurs, government departments etc.

According to the question,Willis using guidance and management for eight employees under his department is following the span of control mechanism.He is handling the subordinates under the manager position so they have to report to him, perform duties assigned by him etc.

the use of electrical signals that transit messages is know as