Aman is holding a group of people hostage. he is threatening violence if his demands are not met. the police negotiator believes that she might avoid violence if she lies to him, saying that the money and a helicopter are on the way. she hesitates. she reasons, "i know this is a unique situation but if lying was the rule for all, the world would be an unhappy place. i know a better way to save lives without lying." which approach would support her motivation.?

Rule Utility.

Explanation:

Utilitarianism can be defined as a doctrine according to which actions can be correct only if the effect of that action is in the favor of majority or for the betterment of the majority of people.

Rule utility can be defined as a doctrine according to which action can be good only if it is morally correct and conforms to the rules.

In the given, the police negotiator is using the rule utility doctrine because she believes that lying is not morally correct and hence do not conform to the rules, so she will take other actions in the situation.

So, the correct answer is rule utility.  

marginal cost is a microeconomic measure that us to evaluate the extent to which the level of production of a good is sustainable in accounting, that is, to how many quantities the company plans to profit from the production of the good.

the concept of marginal cost is simple, it means the cost of producing one more item. for example, in the case of pies, the marginal cost is the cost of producing one more pie than those that have already been produced.

it is important to understand that productive activity influences marginal cost. the marginal cost of some goods can be very high, while others may be insignificant. for example, the marginal cost of producing an extra plane is very high. already the marginal cost of a water company to provide 1l more water is derisory.

in the case of pies, the cost involves the inputs, the labor and the fixed cost, which involves the fixed space of the bakery. the level of production initially has the marginal cost decreasing because there is space and manpower available. however, to produce more you have to hire more workers and buy more inputs. if physical space is limited, workers will conflict with places, inputs and their productivity will decrease, meaning there is an optimum point of production for each level of space and manpower. from this point on, the productivity of the workers will be getting smaller because of lack of space, so that the marginal cost of producing one more pie will be increasing. so, although you have not posted the chart, but if you have the answer, you can see that my explanation goes according to the marginal cost curve that will increase from the 4th pie, answer (c).

answer; all of the above are correct;