In slameka and graf's (1978) study, some participants read word pairs, while other participants had to fill in the blank letters of the second word in a pair with a word related to the first word. the latter group performed better on a later memory task, illustrating the

generation effect

Explanation:

The generation effect: In psychology, the term generation effect is defined as a vigorous memory phenomenon that involves materials that are being actively produced during the process of encoding will help in improving the later memory performance in an individual.

During the encoding process, an individual generates the synonyms from word-fragment cues, for example, GARBAGE-W_ST_ and will be read as GARBAGE-WASTE.

In the question above, the given statement signifies the generation effect.    

d - failures.

the only attempted british colony in north america before 1600 was roanoke, virginia, which was a total failure. england claimed several areas, including newfoundland, but made no sustainable attempts to colonize them before 1600.

answer; when the government fails to protect the fundamental rights of the people;