Todd was physically abused until the age of 8. he is now 40 years old and has absolutely no memories of the early abuse that he experienced. according to freud, todd may be unconsciously dealing with the potential anxiety related to his abuse using the defense mechanism of:
a. projection
b. reaction formation
c. regression
d. repression

d. Repression

Explanation:

Repression is a type of psychological defense mechanism in which the person keeps away or gets rid of thoughts, feelings, or unacceptable urges from their conscious mind

This is done so that a person won't feel the pain or give in to those urges.

How does repression work?

A person pushes away all the unwanted painful or disruptive thoughts into their unconscious part of the brain so that they can not be affected by these or be aware of their existence.

Repression is not the same as avoidance it is the actual act of putting away all the unwanted thoughts in a way that they can not resurface into the conscious mind, in such that the person actual completely forget about these feelings or urges. They may however manifest themselves in how one does things eventhough they are repressed feelings or urges.

D

Explanation:

Sigmund Freud came up with the repression concept in his psychoanalytic theory. Repression occurs when a memory, feeling or thought is too traumatic for an individual, thereby leading to the person's unconscious removal of the information out of his or her consciousness, in turn becoming unaware of its existence