Ayoung adult with a history of intermittent flank pain, repeated urinary tract infections (utis), and hematuria is diagnosed with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (adpkd). which pathophysiologic abnormality most likely has contributed to the development of adpkd?

Genetic disorder ( it is hereditary from his parents)

Explanation: Autosomal dorminant polycystic kidney disease is an inherited kidney disease that causes the kidneys to contiously form cysts( water filled sacs which very in size) as seen in the picture attached.

When mutation occurs in any of the PKD1 or PKD2 genes it will lead to ADPKD. A person suffering from ADPKD must try as much as possible to stop smoking, alcohol and also reduce salt intake,this substances can trigger more cysts to form leading to more damage to the kidneys.

according to classical republican political theory, which democratic republics would function best?

a.   small republics, with people who had similar interests

b.   large republics, with people who had competing interests

c.   republics made up entirely of landowners

d.   republics made up entirely of servants

well the unjest treatment and discrimination did get faced by the idians and soldiers

explanation: