Ying is a competitive gamer. she is a member of several online computer gaming communities, and she streams and shares all the games she plays with the members of the communities. for her, these online communities serve as a(n)

Secondary Reference Group

Explanation:

On daily basis we have social group that we interact with for different reasons they are the closest ones known as the primary group and not so close which is the secondary group.

Primary group is usually our friends and family.

Secondary groups are those whom we don't share our most intimate issues with but we have some interaction with them such as our colleagues.

Some secondary group may be formal such as at work but some may be casual in a way that we get to know each other well in those groups such as the online committee group that Ying interact with to talk about online games. Eventhough they don't share intimate issues but still they have interaction that is based on their shared interests and they may get to know each other based on their love of online games but it may not be much beyond that.

answer; vygtosky's theory;