Political institutions first emerged in as they acquired surpluses and developed greater social inequality. elites took control of politics and used custom or traditional authority to justify their position.

Agrarian societies

Explanation:

The concept of political institutions and how Agrarian societies used to ensure that their command on the people remained strong has been discussed by Dr. Dianna Van Blerkom . She has also suggested that the political power was kept in the main city or then called a city-state and all the other cities and areas became nation-state. This is similar to what we now call a capital city and a county. Political institutions were setup in each of the cities to ensure that the political control and authority remained with the Emperor.

i believe your answer is mountains.