Is the theory that most people hate to watch others suffer, so the ultimate goal of their is not to aid the person in need for their own sake, but to reduce the 's own distress.

negative-state relief model

Explanation:

According to the negative-state relief model human beings have an inborn need to reduce or avoid any situation that causes a person's mood to become negative. A person might do something that seems helpful but is doing so to help themselves as the other person might be happy because of the help and thank the person.

The statement here describes the case where a person might help another person in order to reduce their own distress.

Hence, it describes the innate negative-state relief model.

the answer is a. monarch