According to the path-goal theory, contingency factors determine the type of leader behavior required in order to maximize outcomes; contingency factors determine how the leader behavior is interpreted.

The correct answer is Environmental ; subordinate.

Explanation:

According to the path-goal theory two contingency variables are proposed including environmental contingency, which seeks to determine the type of leader behavior required if the employee outcomes are to be maximized. And the other contingency variable is the Subordinate contingency or follower characteristics which is the focus of control, experience, and perceived ability. Personal characteristics of employees determine how the environment and leader are interpreted.

d.) continue to rise rapidly

the density would be a smaller number.