After faces changes in roles, the period is meant to explore questions of purpose and reintegrate the elements of life experiences back into one’s life (making sense of what one has done throughout their life).

The answer is integrity vs. despair.

Explanation:

This period in life usually occurs around age 60, and it's the last stage of Erikson's theory of psychosocial development. During this time, people acknowledge their own mortality and question if they had interesting or useful lives.

When successful, people in this stage experience a sense of content and tranquility;  failure may result in feelings of guilt and despair.

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q1: artillery

q2: simon bolivar

q3:   their workers and farmers demanded a return to spanish rule.

q4: drafted new constitutions

q5: oligarchies have replaced monarchies