Carmen writes, "when i was in high school, there were different groups such as ‘preps,' ‘hoods,' and ‘nerds.' it was easy to tell who belonged to each group simply by looking at their dress and general physical appearance. people who belonged to one group didn't have much to do with those in the other two groups.". carmen is dynamics. a. socialization
b. primary-secondary groupc. ingroup-outgroup
d. internalization

d. internalization

Explanation:

Carmen is describing internalization. Internalization in sociology is the acceptance of a set of norms and values established by a set of people. In the statement Carmen is explaining how there were different types of groups in her High School. These groups were set by the students. She describes that these groups were simple to spot because of their appearance and that “people should already know where to go”. This is an example of a pre-conception concept, that if you didn’t match to any of the groups then you shouldn’t be with them. In some way the people of the school already internalized this “norms” and followed them.  

i don't know the answer to this

answer; when one group has an extremely high score at pretest;