Aresearcher employs an iv × pv design to examine attitudes toward cheating. she presents freshmen from a private university with a written account describing a male or female student who was accused of cheating on an exam. the same procedure is repeated for a sample of freshmen from a public university. after reading the account, the students were asked to assign an appropriate punishment. the pv in this design would be the:

The type of university attended

Explanation:

The punishment would be extremely different depending on the type of university attended, it would be a much worse punishment for the public university student because they do not have the privilege that a private university offers, they are way more softer regarding the student's behavior.

first, the romans stayed isolated because they had to defend their own territories from neighboring cities that were harassing them, like the etruscans. second, once the romans managed to defeat their neighbors, and started to expand their territory, they started to build roads and bridges. finally, now that the romans have covered their territory with roads functioning as highways, they could mobilize their legions faster to assemble larger military units in a specific place.