Researcher konrad lorenz explored the concept of by establishing himself as the first moving thing a clutch of newly hatched goslings saw. the result, as he predicted, was that the young animals followed him around religiously, clearly demonstrating their belief that he was their mother.

imprinting      

Explanation:    

Konrad Lorenz is referred to as the father of ethology (the study of animal behavior), and has established the concept of imprinting.

Imprinting is described as a critical period in an animal's life when they form attachment and develop their identity. Through imprinting, a bond is developed between the caregiver and the newly born animal. Mammals and birds tend to imprint naturally by birth to their mother or caregiver. Animals gain a sense of species identification through imprinting.  

d. the polar jet stream   lies between the polar easterlies and trade winds should be your answer