While talking on the phone with your friend, you are confronted with competing stimuli including the sounds of the television and your brother and sister playing a game in the living room. you choose the sound of your friend's voice over those other sounds. this process is referred to as

Selecting

Explanation:

You chose your friend's voice over the other sounds, in other words you selected his/her voice to pay attention to instead of the other sounds.

they encountered severe weather for which they were poorly prepared.

answer: ‘no one should be discriminated against because he or she is not from a minority group’

because—> affirmative action means ‘a policy or program that provides opportunities for traditionally disadvantaged groups to them overcome the effects of discrimination’