Amember has been asked to co-sign checks with a client employee while the company president is on vacation. which statement about the application of the american institute of certified public accountants independence rules to this situation is correct?

this null effect is caused by a weak manipulation and ineffective internal validity. in a scientific study, as the one dr. morimoto is trying to perfom, internal validity refers to the confidence placed in the cause-effect relationship and to how well an experiment is done and able to eliminate confounding variables.