Why were the early u. s. political parties formed?

The Republican and Democratic parties derive from the same party, the Republican Democrat, which in turn derives from the Federalist Party.

The Federalist Party was founded around the discussions over the creation of the US Constitution. Once approved, and in the middle of the controversy over whether the federal government should govern all aspects of national life, or if the states should have autonomy, some federalists separated from the party and founded the Republican Democrat Party, which believed in a autonomy of the states.

the branch of biology that deals with the normal functions of living organisms and their parts.

the way in which a living organism or bodily part functions.