The results from research have been known to produce harms to members of the sampled population who do not actually participate in the research study. an example of the type of research that could result in group harms by stigmatizing members of the group (even for individuals who do not participate in the research) is:

After world war i, how did the allied countries hope to keep germany from becoming too powerful again? question 5 options: united states took over german military bases. germany was not allowed to have a large army or navy. germany was allowed to keep its colonies. germany did not have to pay any war debts to the allied countries.

Lava and other matierls luanced from a volcano and into the air are referenced as

Afull irb committee meeting is convened and one agenda item is a new research proposal to evaluate how mothers interact with their learning-disabled child. the inclusion criteria require the children to be a minimum of five years of age. the protocol requires the mother of the child to look at the child without any expression and not to talk to the child for three minutes. the committee determined that the mother's required task may upset the child. the irb approved the study with appropriate language in the parental permission form regarding the possibility that children might become upset. after the start of the study, the principal investigator reports to the irb that, as expected, one of the children became upset. the incident was handled according to the protocol and the child is fine. what should the irb do with regard to this report?