Hewwo, plz? what is these places? islamic

The first picture of the black box is the Kabba in Mecca.

The second one is where we go to pray etc

answer; /// (c) i do believe that the correct answer is ; an unstated guarantee that goods will be to the consumer's liking;

an informal structure in a bureaucracy would be something like so-called "office politics". where there's a formal structure set up for the organization, but then an informal subculture as well that has a way of organizing the bureaucracy further. this can be positive because it sets up an added degree of organization, albeit informal, within the bureaucracy.