Recent research has indicated that the amygdala may play a role in how we

a. move from various states of consciousness, such as from wakefulness to sleep

b. process and remember information, such as names and dates

c. develop a tolerance for addictive substances

d. perceive and respond to emotion-evoking stimuli

The amygdala is a structure of subcortical location, located in the internal part of the temporal lobe and is one of the main regulating centers of the limbic system, this system has within its primary functions, the regulation of the perception and control of emotions. Its primary purpose is to integrate the feelings with the response patterns corresponding to them, provoking a response at the physiological level or the preparation of a behavioral response. It is also responsible for coordinating the areas that notice the physical expression of emotion and the cerebral cortex responsible for the conscious feeling, with which it has a role of great relevance in the evaluation of the emotional meaning of the experiences.

It allows associating experiences that we experience feelings of gratification or aversion. Participates in both positive emotions and reactions of joy or happiness as in other emotions of a more adaptive nature

In addition to the learning process, the amygdala also affects the structuring of memories. This is due to the association of memories with emotional states, which allow a more significant connection and fixation of the material to remember, allowing its consolidation.

The amygdala is, then, the central nucleus of control of emotions and feelings in the brain, also controlling the responses of satisfaction or fear. Its connections not only produce an emotional reaction but due to its relationship to the frontal lobe also allows the inhibition of behavior.

For the above, the correct answer is d. Perceive and respond to emotion-evoking stimuli. Even when the hippocampus fails and cannot store specific memories, the amygdala allows a particular emotional memory of a situation to be preserved.  For example, to be afraid to drive a car after an accident ( emotional memory) without remembering why this happened (secondary to the trauma caused after the crash, the person will retain an emotional memory even if he has forgotten the "narrative" memory of the event that generated the aversion)

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Words:324

Keywords: Executive function, prefrontal lobes, subcortical connections, impulsive behaviors, psychic and sociocognitive disorders.

References:

Colombo, E. M., Risueño, A. E., & Motta, I. M. (2003). "Executive function and impulsive behaviors" I. history, 7, 8.

Kandel, E.R .; Schwartz, J.H. & Jessell, T.M. (2001). Principles of neuroscience. Fourth edition. McGraw-Hill Interamericana. Madrid.

the correct answer is "c": the pillars proclaimed his regret at the bloodshed at the battle of kalinga and his conversion to buddhism.

the kalinga war is considered as one of the largest battles in the history of india. it was fought between the between the maurya empire, which ruled the lands of what is now known as india at the time, and the independent feudal kingdom of kalinga.

the army of maurya empire, led by its king ashoka, fought a prolonged war against kalinga. the war ended around 262 bce with the victory of the maurya empire. it is believed that ashoka, after having witnessed the loss of many lives during this war, felt deep responsibility and eventually converted into buddhism.