Aproduct offered for sale has a price shown in monthly installments. this could be a bad deal for mario, a potential buyer, because he could ultimately pay less for the product than if the term was more extended less for the product than in one complete payment more for the product in included interest over several months the same amount as if he'd paid the entire price up front

He could pay more than the original price.

Explanation:

If a product is offered to be sold on monthly installments, interests are charged. The costumer can buy the product straight away which is the whole purpose of hire purchase. However, if he does not have enough money to pay for the product in full, he can pay a fraction of the price each month. This type of payment is usually conditioned to a rate of interests to be paid every month as well.

The final price of the product, after paying off all the installments with their interests, may therefore be higher than the original (start) price itself because it includes the start price plus the interests.

the fourth amendment protects:

"the right of the people to be secure in their persons, houses, papers, and effects, against unreasonable searches and seizures, shall not be violated, and no warrants shall issue, but upon probable cause, supported by oath or affirmation, and particularly describing the place to be searched, and the persons or things to be seized."  

so this would mean the denial to search and seizure without warrant or permission.

answer; by working independently, the states have a high likelihood of developing innovative solutions that can be employed in other states;