What literary device is being used when a writer intentionally describes something as being less than it actually is? epigram paradox understatement pun

Astore sells four 118-pound ears of corn in a package for $3.59. the expression 3.59p represents the cost of the corn for a number of packages. what does the variable p represent?

Afixed resistor has the following color bands: orange, red, brown, gold. what is the rated resistance

The authors use the word “backbone” in lines 3 and 39 to indicate that