What is earth's atmosphere trapping thermal energy radiated by the sun called?

Which notation is used to represent an alpha particle? a. b. c. d.

Why should the wavelength scale of spectroscope be calibrated

You have a resistor and a capacitor of unknown values. first, you charge the capacitor and discharge it through the resistor. by monitoring the capacitor voltage on an oscilloscope, you see that the voltage decays to half its initial value in 3.00 ms . you then use the resistor and capacitor to make a low-pass filter. what is the crossover frequency fc?