What kind of energy is used when throwing a baseball? when you catch the ball, is the energy gained or lost?

Water is siphoned from a large tank and discharges into the atmosphere through a 50-mm diameter tube. the end of the tube is b = 2.1 m below the tank bottom which is a = 7.4 m deep, and viscous effects are negligible. determine the maximum height h over which the water can be siphoned without cavitation occurring. atmospheric pressure is 101.4 kpa, and the water vapor pressure is 1.79 kpa (absolute)

The mass of the sun is 1.99×1030kg and its distance to the earth is 1.50×1011m. what is the gravitational force of the sun on the earth?

What’s #16 asking me and how do i solve it?