Describe how mass and distance affect gravitational force?

Explanation:

The Newton's law of gravitation gives the force acting between two bodies when they are separated by some distance. Mathematically, it is given by :

It shows that the gravitational force is directly proportional to the product of masses of two bodies and inversely proportional to the square of distance between them.

So, as the mass of bodies increases, the gravitational force increases and with the increase of distance between them, the gravitational force decreases.

what experimental evidence led scientists to change from the previous model to this one?

a few of the positive particles aimed at a gold foil seemed to bounce back.

the colors of light emitted from heated atoms had very specific energies.

experiments with water vapor showed that elements combine in specific proportions.

cathode rays were bent in the same way whenever a magnet was brought near them.