In an atom is the number of protons greater, less than or equal to the number of electrons?

The number of electrons and protons are always equal in a neutral atom. The total number of protons in the nucleus of an atom gives us the atomic number of that atom.

Explanation:

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absorption lines are where light has been absorbed by the atom thus you see a dip in the spectrum whereas.

emission spectra have spikes in the spectra due to atoms releasing photons at those wavelengths.

explanation:

no

sodium is solid at rt