Work
The definition of work done may vary in real life and scientifically. For Example, We may consider studying, talking, singing, reading as work but it is not so in the case of science.
Examples of Scientific Work Done are:
Moving a chair from one location to another
Lifting a book from the shelf and placing it on a table
Pushing a pebble lying on the ground.
In all these situations we are applying a force on an object which is then changing the state of rest or motion of the object.
So, we can conclude that work is done if and only if:
A force is applied to an object.
If the object is displaced from one point to another point.
These are also called βConditions of Work Doneβ.
Work done = Force * DisplacementW = F * dDefinition of Work Done:
Work is defined as the product of the force applied on an object and displacement caused due to the applied force in the direction of the force. Work is a scalar quantity. It has no direction of its own but a magnitude.
SI unit of Work: N-m or J (Joule)Energy
Any object that is capable of doing work processes some energy. The object can gain or lose energy depending upon the work done. If an object does some work it loses its energy and if some work is done on an object it gains energy.
Different forms of energiesKinetic Energy
Every moving object possesses some energy called Kinetic Energy. As the speed of the object increases so is its kinetic energy.
Potential Energy
Every object possesses some energy called Potential Energy. An object when gains energy may store it in itself as potential energy.
Other forms of Energies:Mechanical Energy β
It is the sum of kinetic and potential energy of an object. Therefore, it is the energy obtained by an object due to motion or by the virtue of its location. Example, a bicycle climbing a hill possesses kinetic energy as well as potential energy.
Heat Energy β
It is the energy obtained by an object due to its temperature. It is also called Thermal Energy. Example, energy possessed by a hot cup.
Chemical Energy β
It is the energy accumulated in the bonds of chemical compounds. Chemical energy is released at the time of chemical reactions. Example, energy possessed by natural gas and biomass.
Electrical Energy β
It is kind of kinetic energy caused due to the motion of electrons. It depends upon the speed of electrons. As the speed increases so does the electrical energy. Example, electricity produced by a battery, lightning at thunderstorms
Light Energy β
It is the energy due to light or electromagnetic waves. It is also called as Radiant Energy or Electromagnetic Energy. Example, energy from the sun
Nuclear Energy β
It is the energy present in the nucleus of an atom. Nuclear energy releases when the nucleus combines or separate. Therefore, we can say that every atom in this universe comprises of nucleus energy. Example, uranium is a radioactive metal capable of producing nuclear energy in nuclear power plants
Sonic Energy β
It is the energy produced by a substance as it vibrates. This energy flows through the substance in the form of sound waves. Example, music instruments produce sound energy
Ionization Energy β
It is the energy that binds electrons with its nucleus. It is thus the amount of energy required to remove one electron completely from its atom (called First Ionization Energy). Subsequently, the ionization energy increases as we remove the second electron from the atom ( called Second Ionization Energy).
- One form of energy can be transformed into other forms of energy.
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