Can you classify matter based on chemical properties

Avery hard rubber ball (m = 0.5 kg) is falling vertically at 4 m/s just before it bounces on the floor. the ball rebounds back at essentially the same speed. if the collision with the floor lasts 0.05 s, what is the average force exerted by the floor on the ball?

While goofing off at the ice skating rink, a student takes off her shoes and places each of them on the ice. her friend, a hockey player, then shoots a hockey puck at each shoe. the first puck immediately comes to rest after it collides with the left shoe. the second puck rebounds after it collides with the right shoe. if each hockey puck has the same incoming speed, which shoe has greater speed after the collision? the right shoe. both shoes have the same speed. the left shoe.

Consider a system with two masses that are moving away from each other. why will the kinetic energy differ if the frame of reference is a stationary observer or one of the masses?